ABSTRACT
The structure of N-glycans on specific proteins can regulate innate and adaptive immunity via sensing environmental signals. Meanwhile, the structural diversity of N-glycans poses analytical challenges that limit the exploration of specific glycosylation functions. In this work, we used THP-1-derived macrophages as examples to show the vast potential of a N-glycan structural interpretation tool StrucGP in N-glycoproteomic analysis. The intact glycopeptides of macrophages were enriched and analyzed using mass spectrometry (MS)-based glycoproteomic approaches, followed by the large-scale mapping of site-specific glycan structures via StrucGP. Results revealed that bisected GlcNAc, core fucosylated, and sialylated glycans (e.g., HexNAc4Hex5Fuc1Neu5Ac1, N4H5F1S1) were increased in M1 and M2 macrophages, especially in the latter. The findings indicated that these structures may be closely related to macrophage polarization. In addition, a high level of glycosylated PD-L1 was observed in M1 macrophages, and the LacNAc moiety was detected at Asn-192 and Asn-200 of PD-L1, and Asn-200 contained Lewis epitopes. The precision structural interpretation of site-specific glycans and subsequent intervention of target glycoproteins and related glycosyltransferases are of great value for the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for different diseases.
Subject(s)
Humans , B7-H1 Antigen , Glycosylation , Polysaccharides/metabolismABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To analyze the changes in the gene expression profile of T cells in CML patients after TCRζ up-regulation expression, and to explore the molecular mechanism of T cell reactivation after transgenic up-regulation of TCRζ.@*METHODS@#The peripheral blood mononuclear cells(PBMCs) from 3 newly untreated chronic-stage CML patients were collected, and the CD3@*RESULTS@#A total of 2248 differentially-expressed genes were obtained, including 553 up-regulated genes and 1695 down-regulated genes in experimental group as compared with those in control group (P<0.05) . The GO and KEGG enrichment analyses showed that differentially expressed genes involved in the biological processes related to T cell immune function, such as TCR signaling pathway, T cell proliferation and activation. Some of core genes involved in promoting the TCR signaling pathway, T cell proliferation, activation and apoptosis pathways were significantly up-regulated, while some core genes involved in inhibiting T cell activation were significantly down-regulated.@*CONCLUSION@#The molecular mechanism of the significantly improved T cell activation and proliferation ability in CML patients after TCRζ up-regulation may be related to the differential transcripts mediated signaling pathways of T cell activation, proliferation and apoptosis.
Subject(s)
Humans , Leukocytes, Mononuclear , Lymphocyte Activation , Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell/genetics , T-Lymphocytes , Up-RegulationABSTRACT
Objective@#To learn the awareness of the Three Level Social-psychological Service in Zhejiang Province and its influencing factors, so as to provide the basis for promoting the construction of social-psychological service system.@*Methods@#The counties (cities, districts) in Zhejiang Province were divided into three levels: high, medium and low, according to economic development. The residents are selected by multistage stratified random sampling method. A questionnaire survey was conducted to collect the general information of residents and their awareness of the Three Level Social-psychological Service.The influencing factors for the awareness were analyzed by multivariate logistic regression model. @*Results @#Of 7 114 questionnaires sent out, 6 577 valid ones were recovered, with the response rate of 92.45%. The overall awareness rates of the Three Level Social-psychological Service and service sites was 63.02% and 59.91%, respectively. The multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age of 40-<50 years ( OR=1.376, 95%CI: 1.077-1.758 ), permanent residence ( OR=1.474, 95%CI: 1.319-1.647 ), being the national pilots ( OR=1.200, 95%CI: 1.079-1.334 ) and having the experience of seeking mental health services before 2018 (OR=1.323, 95%CI: 1.191-1.469) were the influencing factors for the awareness of the Three Level Social-psychological Service; under 50 years old ( OR: 0.610-0.768, 95%CI: 0.423-0.991 ), permanent residence ( OR=1.571, 95%CI: 1.407-1.755 ), being the national pilots ( OR=1.368, 95%CI: 1.232-1.519 ) and having the experience of seeking mental health services before 2018 ( OR=0.733, 95%CI: 0.661-0.812 ) were the influencing factors for the awareness of the Three Level Social-psychological Service sites. @*Conclusions@#It is necessary to improve the awareness of the Three Level Social-psychological Service among Zhejiang residents. Age, permanent residence, being the national pilots, seeking mental health service experience before 2018 are associated with the awareness of the Three Level Social-psychological Service.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the interference of blood urine on red cell detection of subsequent adjacent specimen on Sysmex UF-1000i flow cytometer urine sediment analyzer and to propose some countermeasures.Methods Totally 60 copies of fresh urine specimens having the results in normal range were chosen,and then each copy was divided into three pieces.All the pieces of specimens were put on the tube rack between the low-,medium-and high-concentration blood urine,and the urine was in front of the specimens.UF-1000i automatic urinary sediment analyzer was used for detection under auto sampling mode,and paired t-test was carried out for the results before and after interferences by concentrations of blood urine.The carryover was measured for the specimens and blood urine,and the specimens underwent microscopy.Results The RBC results had no significant difference before and after the interference by low-concentration blood urine (P＞0.05),while had statistical differences before and after the interferences by medium-and high-concentration blood urine (P＜0.01).There was also obvious difference between the RBC results interfered by medium-concentration blood urine and by highconcentration one.There were no significant differences between the results of WBC,epithelial cell and cast before and after the interferences (P ＞0.05).The urinary sediment microscopy results were within the normal range,and the highconcentration blood urine had the carryover gain the maximum value.Conclusion UF-1000i automatic urinary sediment analyzer has the RBC result higher than the actual one after the interference,and the interference deteriorates with the increased concentration of blood urine.The blood urine specimen has to be tested separately,and deep cleaning has to be performed for the analyzer.The test by the analyzer had better be combined with microscopy to avoid carryover.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the interference of blood urine on red cell detection of subsequent adjacent specimen on Sysmex UF-1000i flow cytometer urine sediment analyzer and to propose some countermeasures.Methods Totally 60 copies of fresh urine specimens having the results in normal range were chosen,and then each copy was divided into three pieces.All the pieces of specimens were put on the tube rack between the low-,medium-and high-concentration blood urine,and the urine was in front of the specimens.UF-1000i automatic urinary sediment analyzer was used for detection under auto sampling mode,and paired t-test was carried out for the results before and after interferences by concentrations of blood urine.The carryover was measured for the specimens and blood urine,and the specimens underwent microscopy.Results The RBC results had no significant difference before and after the interference by low-concentration blood urine (P＞0.05),while had statistical differences before and after the interferences by medium-and high-concentration blood urine (P＜0.01).There was also obvious difference between the RBC results interfered by medium-concentration blood urine and by highconcentration one.There were no significant differences between the results of WBC,epithelial cell and cast before and after the interferences (P ＞0.05).The urinary sediment microscopy results were within the normal range,and the highconcentration blood urine had the carryover gain the maximum value.Conclusion UF-1000i automatic urinary sediment analyzer has the RBC result higher than the actual one after the interference,and the interference deteriorates with the increased concentration of blood urine.The blood urine specimen has to be tested separately,and deep cleaning has to be performed for the analyzer.The test by the analyzer had better be combined with microscopy to avoid carryover.
ABSTRACT
OBJECTIVE@#To study the influence of curcumin on chemosensitivity of nephroblastoma cells.@*METHODS@#Human nephroblastoma cells line SK-NEP-1 was transplanted to the nude mice subcutaneously to establish the implantation tumor model of human nephroblastoma cells. A total of 30 tumor-bearing mice were divided into three groups of ten randomly. The routine chemotherapy group was given vincristine (0.05 mg/mL·0.2 mL/d) and actinomycin D (15 ng/mL·0.2 mL/d) combined chemotherapy regime. The curcumin chemotherapy group was given the same combined chemotherapy regimens and curcumin (30 mg/kg/d) by intraperitoneal injection. The control group was given normal saline (NS) of the same volume by intraperitoneal injection. Continuous administration would be kept for 4 weeks and 3 days a week. The volumetric changes of every group were recorded. The serum of every group in different time was collected and the VEGF content was detected by ELISA. All mice were cercrificed and the tumor tissues were stripped and weighed after 4 weeks' treatment. The tumor inhibition rate was calculated. The cell proliferation activity and apoptosis rate were detected by MTT and flow cytometry method. All data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 19.0.@*RESULTS@#The tumor volume, serum VEGF content, tumor inhibition rate, cell proliferation activity and apoptosis rate of routine chemotherapy group and curcumin chemotherapy group had significant differences comparing with the control group (P < 0.05) after 4-week's treatment. The cancer growth of curcumin chemotherapy group was obviously decreased and even tended to shrink comparing with routine chemotherapy group (χ(2) = 15.732, P = 0.007). The cell proliferation activity was significantly reduced and the apoptosis rate was significantly higher, (χ(2) = 9.427, P = 0.012) which showing the effect of chemotherapy was enhanced.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The chemosensitivity of nephroblastoma cells could be improved by curcumin, then the effect of preoperative adjuvant chemotherapy scheme would be enhanced, the growth of nephroblastoma cells would be inhibited and the surgical risk of nephroblastoma would be reduced.
ABSTRACT
Objective To study the influence of curcumin on chemosensitivity of nephroblastoma cells. Methods Human nephroblastoma cells line SK-NEP-1 was transplanted to the nude mice subcutaneously to establish the implantation tumor model of human nephroblastoma cells. A total of 30 tumor-bearing mice were divided into three groups of ten randomly. The routine chemotherapy group was given vincristine (0.05 mg/mL·0.2 mL/d) and actinomycin D (15 ng/mL·0.2 mL/d) combined chemotherapy regime. The curcumin chemotherapy group was given the same combined chemotherapy regimens and curcumin (30 mg/kg/d) by intraperitoneal injection. The control group was given normal saline (NS) of the same volume by intraperitoneal injection. Continuous administration would be kept for 4 weeks and 3 days a week. The volumetric changes of every group were recorded. The serum of every group in different time was collected and the VEGF content was detected by ELISA. All mice were cercrificed and the tumor tissues were stripped and weighed after 4 week's treatment. The tumor inhibition rate was calculated. The cell proliferation activity and apoptosis rate were detected by MTT and flow cytometry method. All data were statistically analyzed by SPSS 19.0. Results The tumor volume, serum VEGF content, tumor inhibition rate, cell proliferation activity and apoptosis rate of routine chemotherapy group and curcumin chemotherapy group had significant differences comparing with the control group (P < 0.05) after 4-week's treatment. The cancer growth of curcumin chemotherapy group was obviously decreased and even tended to shrink comparing with routine chemotherapy group (χ
ABSTRACT
Objective To evaluate the prevalence of depression,anxiety and suicide behavior in patients suffering from tuberculosis in Hangzhou and to explore their relationship with medication adherence. Methods Demographic characteristics,self-rating anxiety scale (SAS),the center for epidemiological studies -depression (CESD),social support rating scale (SSRS),suicide behavior information and the morisky medication adherence scale (MMAS)were investigated in 973 tuberculosis patients who were selected by systematic random sampling.Results The means of SAS and CESD were 39.71 ±8.30 and 14.16 ±10.77 respectively,which were both higher than the norms(P<0.01).Totally 102 (10.48%)patients had anxiety and 333 (34.22%)were depressed.Out of 973 patients,60 (6.17%)reported suicide ideation after tuberculosis diagnosis.The prevalence of non -adherence was 20.55%,which was defined with MMAS score above one and more.The non -adherence group had higher anxiety,depression and suicide ideation prevalence than the adherence group (15.50%vs.9.18%,46.50%vs.30.66%,11.00%vs.4.92%respectively,P<0.01).The mean score of SSRS,subjective support,objective support and utilization of support in the non-adherence group were 30.71 ±5.15,4.61 ±2.07,19.74 ±4.55 and 6.34 ±1.93 respectively,which were 34.06 ±7.39,6.62 ± 2.27,20.67 ±5.27 and 6.77 ±2.23 in the adherence group respectively.SSRS and its three dimension scores were significantly lower in the non-adherence group than that in the adherence group (P<0.01).Conclusion These findings show a quite serious situation of psychological problems of tuberculosis patients in Hangzhou and suggest psychological intervention should be included in adherence intervention.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore the postgraduate tutor assessment system in order to provide suggestions to improve the quality of postgraduate education. Methods Assessment indexes of post-graduate tutor were screened and assigned by methods of questionnaire investigation, interview, kruskal wallis H-test, taking a total of 109 students and professors in medical colleges in the south-western part as research objects. Results Different populations had different cognitions on the important degree of each index, P<0.05. Primary indexes of assessment system were determined based on the importance of indicators and the influence of different cognitive levels, including tutor personal accom-plishment, teaching ability, scientific research quality and guiding ability (P<0.05). Conclusions Assessment system and method fined by this study covers majority aspects of tutors and can provide feasible suggestions for tutor evaluation.
ABSTRACT
This article shared opinions on how to effective educate clinical type postgraduates in department of neurosurgery based on the teaching models in the first affiliated hospital of Chongqing medical university. In the proposed training program,medical ethics education and comprehensive training including clinical thinking and practical skills training should be emphasized.Scientific inquisitiveness of the neurological research and the writing and oral communication in English should also be promoted.This training program will be fully committed to produce highly qualified,ethical and caring neurosurgeons for future needs of the society.
ABSTRACT
Objective To construct a recombinant adenovirus vector carrying hSulf-1 gene and to investigate its effect on the proliferation and migration of human umbilical vein endothelial cells. Methods The hSulf-1 protein was inserted into adenovirus genome to generate recombinant adenovirus Ad5-hSulfl, and then the virus was used to infect ECV-304 cell line. The expression of hSulf-1 protein was detected by Western blotting analysis, the cell viability was examined by MTT assay, and the cell migration ability was evaluated by wound-healing assay in ECV-304 cells. Results The recombinant adenovirus Ad5-hSulfl was successfully constructed. Western blotting analysis showed that over-expression of hSulfl down-regulated the phosphorylation levels of Akt and ERK in ECV-304 cells. MTT assay showed that over-expression of hSulfl inhibited the proliferation of ECV-304 cells, with the cell survival rate decreased to (68. 49 ± 0. 05)% at MOI of 50 pfu/ml and (67. 78 ± 0. 06)% at MOI of 100 pfu/ml(P<0. 05). Wound-healing assay showed that over-expression of hSulfl significantly inhibited the migration of ECV-304 cells compared with the control group (P<0. 01). Conclusion The recombinant adenovirus Ad5-hSulfl-mediated hSulf-1 over-expression can markedly inhibit the proliferation and migration of ECV-304 cells, laying a foundation for hSulf-1 related gene therapy of tumor and angiogenesis-associated diseases.
ABSTRACT
Objective To investigate the influence of apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) polymorphism on the acute-phase brain electrical activity after mild/moderate traumatic brain injury. Methods The clinical data of 112 patients with mild/moderate traumatic brain injury were collected and the APOE genotypes were identified by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP). The brain electrical activity in every patient was recorded twice by using electroencephalogram within one week after injury. Qualitative and quantitative methods were used to determine the variations of brain electrical activity. Chi-square test, variance analysis and logistic regression analyses via SPSS version 11.5 were performed among APOE genotypes, electroencephalogram data and clinical data. Results The distributions of APOE genetypes and alleles matched Haldy-Weinberg Law in 112 patients. Of 22 patients with APOEε4, 12 patients (55%) presented with deteriorated electroencephalogram, which was significantly higher than those (16 of 90 patients, 18%) without APOEε4 (P ＜ 0. 01). Comparison of the first and second electroencephalograms demonstrated that the slow waves were increased significantly in patients with APOEε4 ( P ＜ 0. 01 ) but decreased in patients with APOEε2 and APOEε3 (P ＜0.05). The reduction of slow waves in APOEε2 carriers was more obvious than APOEε3 carriers (P ＜0.05). Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses showed that APOEε4 was a risk factor to electroencephalogram aggravation after traumatic brain injury. Conclusion APOEε4 is a risk factor to electroencephalogram aggravation during acute stage after mild/moderate traumatic brain injury. However,APOEε2 seems to be beneficial for recovery of brain electrical activity.
ABSTRACT
Objective To determine the relationship between polymorphism of apolipoprotein E gene (APOE) and electroencephlogram in patients with mild/moderate traumatic brain injury. Methods (1) Venous blood for 2 ml was collected from 81 patients with mild/moderate traumatic brain injury on admission. APOE genotype was identified by PCR restriction fragment length polymorphism ( PCRRFLP). (2) All the patients were monitored by electroencephalogram for 2-3 times within a week after injury. X2 test and logistic regression analysis via SAS version 8.2 were performed to analyze the results of genotype and electroencephalogram and clinical data. Results The distributions of genetypes and alleles among 81 patients matched with Haldy-Weinberg Law. The findings of electroencephalogram were significantly different between patients with and without APOEε4 (P<0.05). Ten (63%) out of 16 patients with APOEε4 showed an aggravated electroencephalogram,while only 16 (25%) out of 65 patients without APOEε4 showed the same results of electroencephalogram. Logistic regression analyses showed that APOEε4 was a risk factor for electroencephalogram aggravation after traumatic brain injury. Conclusion APOEε4 is a risk factor for electroencephalogram aggravation during acute stage after mild/moderate traumatic brain injury.
ABSTRACT
Objective To observe the expression of Bcl-2,Bax and proliferating cell nuclear antigen(PCNA) in liver of rats with hepatic fibrosis and the effects of transforming growth factor (TGF)-?1 vaccine on them.Methods Thirty healthy male Sprague-Dawley rats were assigned into 3 groups,named healthy control group(n=10),hepatic fibrosis group(n=10) and TGF-?1 vaccine treated group(n=10).The animal model with hepatic fibrosis was established by injecting solution dimethylnitrosamine (DMN) into abdominal cavity with concentration as 0.5% and dose as 0.2 mL/ 100 g.In TGF-?1 vaccine treated group,every rat was not only injected with DMN but also 150?g TGF-?1 vaccine protein.On the 42nd day,all rats were sacrificed.Then the blood and the liver tis- sues were collected.The expression levels of Bcl-2,Bax and PCNA in liver tissues were detected by S -P immunohistochemistry and observed by routine pathological evaluation.Alanine aminotransferase (ALT),aspartate aminotransferase(AST) and albumin(Alb) were determined by auto biochemical analytical tool.Serum levels of hyaluronic acid (HA),laminin(LN) were detected by radioimmunoas- say (RIA).Results The expression of Bax,which promoted apoptosis,directly correlated with pathological grade in liver of rats,while the expression of Bcl-2 and Bcl-2/Bax,which protected a gainst apoptosis,inversely correlated with pathological grade in liver of rats.The expression levels of TGF-?1 and Bax in healthy control group were significantly lower than those of fibrosis group,how ever,the expression levels of Bcl-2 were comparable between these two groups.As compared with fi- brosis group,the expression of TGF-?1 was significantly lower while the expression of Bcl-2 was sig nificantly higher in TGF-?1 vaccine treated group.However,the expression of Bax was comparable between these two groups.The expression level of PCNA of fibrosis group was significantly higher than that of healthy control group but dramatically lower than that of TGF-?1 vaccine treated group (Both P
ABSTRACT
objective:To discuss the characteristics and localizing significance of presurgical scale ambulatory electroencephalo-gram(AEEG)in patients with supratentorial tumor by comparison their electrocorticography(ECOG).Methods:124 subjects were collected in our hospital.All patients were monitored by the scalp AEEG before surgeries and ECOG during oprating.The interictal epileptiform discharges of ECOG were divided into five catalogs.Ⅰ:no spikes.Ⅱ:isolated spikes.Ⅲ:repetitive spike-wave pattern.Ⅳ:intermittent spikes,polyspikes waves burst.Ⅴ:continuous hyper-spikes and sharps.A,B,C,D and E were represented on the scalp AEEG which corresponded the above ECOG classification.Then AEEG and ECOG were analyzed.Re-sults:(1)The scalp AEEG was abnormal in 83.87% of all subjects before surgery.Ⅱ type and Ⅲ type on ECOG did not appear easily on the scalp AEEG(P
ABSTRACT
<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe the changes of brain oxygen metabolism and neuroelectrophysiology after severe brain injury, and the effects of hypothermia on severe brain injury.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>148 patients with severe brain injury (GCS 3 - 8, admitted within 10 hours from injury) were selected for this study. Patients were divided into 3 groups, Group GCS 7 - 8, Group GCS 5 - 6 and Group GCS 3 - 4. Every group were also randomly assigned to normothermia and hypothermia subgroup. Patients in the hypothermia group were cooled to 32 approximately 34 degrees C. SLSEP, BAEP, P(br)O(2) and rSaO(2) were recorded in each group at the same time.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>In the Group GCS 7 - 8, N20 in SLSEP, I/V in BAEP and rSaO(2) were improved significantly after mild hypothermia treatment, and P(br)O(2) was decreased by hypothermia; In the Group GCS 5 - 6, N20 in SLSEP, I/V in BAEP and rSaO(2) were improved by hypothermia, and P(br)O(2) was decreased in hypothermia subgroup; In the Group GCS 3 - 4, no significant difference was found.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Mild hypothermia has a significant effect on patients of GCS 7 - 8 and a doubt effect on patients of GCS 5 - 6. It seem no effect on patients of GCS 3 - 4. Brain oxygen metabolism and neuroelectrophysiology are important to value the therapeutic effect on severe brain injury.</p>
Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Brain , Metabolism , Craniocerebral Trauma , Metabolism , Therapeutics , Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem , Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory , Follow-Up Studies , Hypothermia, Induced , Oxygen , Metabolism , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
BACKGROUND: Applying naloxone in acute brain injury can sustain the cerebral perfusion pressure(CPP), alleviate the cerebral edema and prevent the secondary brain damage to a certain degree. But the dosage and the administration of naloxone in clinical practices vary substantially according to the literatures.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effect of different doses of naloxone on the changes in the absolute power values of electroencephalography(EEG) in acute brain injury, and study the protective effects of naloxone at different doses.DESIGN: Case-control study based on patients.SETTING: Neurosugery department of a hospital affiliated to a university PARTICIPANTS: From January 2002 to April 2003, at the Intensive Care Unit(ICU) of theNeurosugery Department of the First Hospital Affiliated to the Chongqin Medical University, 86 patients with moderate or severe acute closed brain injury were selected. Of all the patients, 59 were male and 27 were female, aged between 18 - 65.METHODS: According to the degree of injury graded by Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS), the 86 patients bearing acute brain injury were divided into 3 groups: GCS 3 - 5 group, GCS 6 - 8 group and GCS 9 - 12 group. Each group contained a naloxone treatment group and a matched control group. The naloxone treatment group consisted of a low-dose naloxone subgroup and a large-dose naloxone subgroup. The changes in the total power value of EEG before treatment and at the time of 30 minutes, 1, 2, 24, 48, 72 and 120 hours after treatment were measured respectively using quantitative EEG monitor.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The changes in the total power value of the patients' EEG before and after treatment were observed and recorded.RESULTS: The difference between the total power of EEG of the GCS 9 - 12naloxone treatment group 1 hour after a naloxone treatment and that of the matched control group was statistically significant(P ＜ 0.05); The same comparison between the low-dose and the large-dose naloxone subgroups within the GCS 9 - 12 naloxone treatment group yielded no significant difference. In the GCS 6 - 8 naloxone treatment group, the difference between the total power of EEG 1 hour after a naloxone treatment and that of the matched control group was statistically significant, and the large dose subgroup was more significant than the low-dose group. In the GCS 3 - 5 naloxone treatment group, no significant difference between the total power of EEG of the naloxone group and that of the control group could be observed.CONCLUSION: The low-dose naloxone treatment is helpful enough on the intervention for moderate brain injury, and the large-dose naloxone treatment is better than the low-dose on severe brain injury. For the patients with exceptionally severe brain injury, both the two treatments are proved to have no therapeutic effects.
ABSTRACT
0.05).Conclusion The variety of ECoG on patients with intracranial tumors undergone surgery is helpful to prognosticate postoperative early epilepsy.
ABSTRACT
Objective To explore specific risk factors in the early seizures after acute moderate and severe head injuries and understand incidence of nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) under coma. Methods Eighty-six patients with acute moderate and severe head injuries were monitored with video-electroencephalogram (video-EEG) for one week. Results (1) Of all, 7 cases (8.14%) had clinical seizures and 6 (6.98%) NCSE. (2) In patients with severe head injuries especially intracranial hemorrhage, post-traumatic seizures especially NCSE were more likely to occur, with no significant difference in sex and age. Conclusions Severe and critical head injuries and intracranial hemorrhage are specific risk factors for early post-traumatic seizures, especially NCSE. After brain injury, EEG should be used to evaluate traumatic coma even if clinical seizure does not appear.
ABSTRACT
Objective:To reveal the effects of different doses of naloxone on moderate and severe acute head injuries by monitoring of qEEG.Methods:86 patients with moderate and severe acute head injuries (Glasgow Coma Scale 3～12,within 12 hours after injury) were selected for this study.According to the severity of injury,all patients were classified into three groups: GCS3～5,GCS6～8 and GCS9～12.Patients of each group were then randomly assigned to treatment with naloxone or control.In naloxone groups,low doses of naloxone and high doses of naloxone were administered respectively to the patients with acute brain injury of different severity for three days.Relative power of ? frequency and absolute power of 1～25 frequency were monitored with qEEG before and 30 minutes,1,2,24,48,72,120 hours after administration.Results:In GCS 9 to 12 group,relative power of ? frequency and absolute power of 1～25 frequency were significanfly different ( P 0.05).In GCS 6 to 8 group,the two parameters were improved significanfly in naloxone groups and were significantly different between low dose and high dose naloxone groups.In GCS 3 to 5 group,all parameters were not significantly different between naloxone group and control group.Conclusion:These results suggest that treatment with naloxone in patients with moderate and severe head injuries is beneficial in terms of improved qEEG and there is no significant difference between low dose and high dose naloxone in GCS 9 to 12 group,but in GCS 6 to 8 group high dose naloxone shows better efficacy than low dose naloxone.